Parsing D-Tree grammars

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D-Tree Grammars

DTG are designed to share some of the advantages of TAG while overcoming some of its limitations. DTG involve two composition operations called subsertion and sister-adjunction. The most distinctive feature of DTG is that, unlike TAG, there is complete uniformity in the way that the two DTG operations relate lexical items: subsertion always corresponds to complementation and sister-adjunction to modification. Furthermore, DTG, unlike TAG, can provide a uniform analysis for em wh-movement in English and Kashmiri, despite the fact that the em wh element in Kashmiri appears in sentence-second position, and not sentence-initial position as in English.Comment: Latex source, needs aclap.sty, 8 pages, to appear in ACL-9

Variation in the circularly polarized light reflection of Lomaptera (Scarabaeidae) beetles

An extended spectroscopic study on the left-through-left circularly polarised reflection spectra of a large number of beetles from the Australasian Scrabaeidae:Cetoniinae of the Lomaptera genus was undertaken. We have obtained a five-category spectral classification.The principal spectral features, which even within the genus range from blue to infra-red, are related to structural chirality in the beetle shells. The detailed features of each spectral classification are related to different structural perturbations of the helix including various pitch values and abrupt twist defects. These spectral characteristics and associated shell structures are confirmed on the basis of simple modelling. An important conclusion from our study is that the simple helical structure resulting in a single symmetric Bragg peak is not the dominant spectral type. Rather the reality is a rich tapestry of spectral types. One intriguing specimen is identified via an SEM micrograph to consist of a double interstitial helix leadingto a particular double-peak spectrum

The measurement of driver describing functions in simulated steering control tasks

Measurements of driver describing functions in steering control tasks have been made using a driving simulator. The task was to regulate against a random crosswind gust input on a straight roadway, in order to stay in the center of the lane. Although driving is a multiloop task in general, the forcing function and situation were configured so that an inner-loop visual cue feedback of heading angle of heading rate would dominate, and the driver's response was interpreted to be primarily single-loop. The driver describing functions were measured using an STI describing function analyzer. Three replications for each subject showed good repeatability within a subject. There were some intersubject differences as expected, but the crossover frequencies, effective time delays, and stability margins were generally consistent with the prior data and models for similar manual control tasks. The results further confirm the feasibility of measuring human operator response properties in nominal control tasks with full (real-world) visual field displays

Examining the importance of Aberdeenshire (UK) coastal waters for North Sea bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncates)

Using land- and vessel-based surveys, data on the relative abundance, distribution and habitat use of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Aberdeenshire waters were collected between 1999 and 2001. Bottlenose dolphins were present throughout the year, with peak abundance during the months of March to May. The occurrence of calves was seasonal, With the proportion of calves highest during the spring months. Foraging behaviour was recorded mainly in the vicinity of Aberdeen harbour. Dolphins photographed in Aberdeenshire waters were successfully matched and confirmed as Moray Firth animals. The results of the present study suggest that Moray Firth bottlenose dolphins utilize Aberdeenshire waters more frequently than previously reported. Aberdeen harbour is apparently an important feeding area, and Aberdeenshire waters are regularly used by another-calf pairs. This has important management implications since this area of coastline does not currently form part of the designated Special Area of Conservation (SAC) for this population

A Signal Conditioner for Speech Processing

This thesis describes the design, implementation and testing of an analog signal conditioner for use in processing of speech signals. The signal conditioner provides gain and bandwidth control for the speech signal and also indicates the signal level. It is designed to be used in conjunction with a digital speech processor and has ports for a microphone or other signal source, an input signal monitoring device such as an oscilloscope, and interfaces to the digital speech processor. Signal bandwidth control is provided by a variable cutoff frequency lowpass switched capacitor filter, which is driven by a clock. In this thesis, the speech signal is examined and is related to the problem at hand. An overall description of the signal conditioner is then presented, emphasizing each of the signal conditioner is then presented, emphasizing each of the individual building blocks in the system. A description of switched capacitor filter theory and application follows, and signal conditioner system test results and conclusions are given. It was found that the system performance satisfied the desired specifications that were laid out when the system was first conceived

The use of shared forests in TAG parsing

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Exploring the underspecified world of lexicalized tree adjoining grammars

This paper presents a precise characterization of the underspecification found in Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammars, and shows that, in a sense, the same degree of underspecification is found in Lexicalized D-Tree Substitution Grammars. Rather than describing directly the nature of the elementary objects of the grammar, we achieve our objective by formalizing the way in which underspecification in the derived objects is interpreted: i.e., how trees are read off from derived tree descriptions. Valid tree descriptions for ltag turn out to be those that have a single acceptable interpretation, whereas those for ldsg may have multiple interpretations. In other respects, there is no difference in the way in which ltag and ldsg tree descriptions are interpreted